The eNotes Blog Top Ten Gifts for Readers and Writers Cyber-Monday isHere!

Top Ten Gifts for Readers and Writers Cyber-Monday isHere! Got a peruser or potentially author on your Christmas list? Exploit Cyber-Monday with these novel contributions for your preferred geek. What's more, I imply that in the most cherishing path conceivable, obviously. 10. Most loved Writers Coasters Indeed, even five star swillers like the scandalous indulgers Hunter S. Thompson and Charles Bukowski didnt need dreadful water rings left on their bedside table. Respect their recollections and wishes with these awesome liners from Retrowhale and exploit 15% off your request, today as it were.  Use request code Retro77. 9.  Big Books Tote Bag Make Sir Mix-a-ton pleased and your youngsters wince with this sack from Pamela Fugate Designs. Free delivery! 8.  Tolkein Ring As your most loved Tolkein nerd will disclose to you, the wizard Gandalf says this in The Fellowship of the Ring.â 7.  Bamboo Bath Caddy A book, an air pocket shower, and wine? Sick be out around the finish of February. Possibly. 10% off with the code Cyber at Macys. 6.  Massage Bed Rest from Brookstone Ooohhh Okay. It helps me a piece to remember the flying seats in the film Wall-E however Ill take one. I wager some other peruser you know would cherish it too. Back rub, place for a beverage, pockets, a lamp? Indeed, it would be ideal if you 5% off Cyber-Monday with the code Pinit5. 5.  Hemingway Gift Box from Royal Palm Arts Set incorporates a 6 oz tempered steel cup, a couple of gave glasses, a calfskin scratch pad, a wooden stogie caddy/pencil holder, and two pencils. Top off the flagon and toss in two or three Cubans and youve got yourself a privilege masculine Christmas there, old buddy. 4. Demeter Fragrances: Paperback Forgetâ pheromones! I trust this arrives in a male rendition. Books and masculinity? Gimme.  Description guarantees, An outing to your preferred library or utilized book shop. Sweet and beautiful with only a bit of the smelly smell of matured paper, Demeters Paperback outfits that fragrance with a sprinkling of violets and a scramble of classy blend. 3.  Scrabble: Book Lovers Edition Accumulate round children, where I acquaint you with this idea that came, indeed, BEFORE Words With Friends. In this Scrabble release, you get additional focuses for playing names of books and writers. Im not so much sure why you couldnt do that on a customary Scrabble board, yet hello, this one looks all library-y and stuff. The Monday following Thanksgiving bargains at Amazon.â 2.  Literary iPhone Covers I love these. Love them! Maybe Ill even be convinced to dump my 3G so as to get one. Or then again a few. Rush, constrained releases and tragically, TKAM is as of now gone.â At Uncommon Goods. 1. Blessing Certificate for Uninterrupted Reading or potentially Writing Time While all the past thoughts are marvelous, what most perusers and scholars need more than anything is some liberated timetime liberated from destitute children, asking noteworthy others, ringing telephones, thumps at the entryway, email Better yet, pair this with at least one of different blessings recorded here and make your favoriteâ bibliophile/creator exceptionally upbeat for sure.

Society, Community, & Family Impact of Technology Research Paper - 1

Society, Community, and Family Impact of Technology - Research Paper Example Also, a few methods of correspondence, for example, utilization of smoke and hooting of horns passed on wrong messages. In association with this, the paper will give definite data on the PC and correspondence innovations along clarifying their history, improvement, use, and the states of the PC and correspondence advancements when the presentation of innovation. As presented above, innovation has progressed broadly in the present society. Nearly everything in the present world is controlled by the guide of machines, for example, PCs and telephones (Nayab 1). The impact of innovation anyway is broad in the field of correspondence; numerous associations have figured out how to create various kinds of PCs and telephones to upgrade the decrease of the entire world into a little town. The procedure of human correspondence has experienced numerous progressions throughout the years, with numerous assorted way breaking innovations and discoveries a lift starting with one stage then onto the next. Pictographs were the principal composing materials that were developed to upgrade correspondence in authentic occasions. These compositions were on strong materials, for example, stones and stayed stationary. The creation of papyrus, wax and paper prompted the innovation of print machine in mid fifteenth century. This creation upgraded the exchange of reports starting with one area then onto the next, permitting consistency of dialects over wide territories (Nayab 1). The most recent upheaval is the broad utilization of electronic innovation, for example, PCs and telephones. Telephones and PCs have upgraded the exchange of records through utilization of electronic waves and signals. At present, PCs and cell phones are utilized in correspondence between individuals without wo rry of physical separation. Individuals from various parts of the bargains likewise convey at present through sound, video connections, and content by means of help of right equipment and programming which are results of mechanical progression. Correspondence was an extraordinary test before the development

How eCommerce Websites Are Growing With Coupon Deals And Cashback Offers

How eCommerce Websites Are Growing With Coupon Deals And Cashback Offers Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!How eCommerce Websites Are Growing With Coupon Deals And Cashback OffersUpdated On 08/08/2016Author : Pradeep KumarTopic : eCommerceShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ayelgP CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogCan you name the biggest shopping excuse for people while checking online? Well, undoubtedly, it is the offers and discounts. They have such a massive inspirational value where a person with least interest in buying a certain product, readily agrees after calculating the actual price of the specific product. Isn’t it?If you have ever thought that branded products don’t come with any offer. Well, think again. As Online E-Commerce portals even offers big discounts on them which you least thought about. Hence, welcome to the world of rage, obsession, fascination where your smart moves will help you save a big chunk of your hard earned money. Yes, considering the fact that such offers are usually limited for a specific amount of time.Offers and discounts have their own charismaThe fate of any big business in today’s world rests on the perks, facilities, offers, coupons etc which they offer to their esteemed clients. Yes, the reason why it has become the necessity in today’s age is because of intense competition and rising expectation from customers.Considering such a motivational value, it is no wonder, why E-commerce websites are growing with coupons and Cashback offers of late. Amongst the list of so many available products, hence the most obvious thing of distinction has naturally become these coupons and offers which are playing their pivotal role in today’s age.Sectors with big business have comparably bigger offersThe E-commerce portals are giving great discounts on the sectors which already registers big business mainly for reaching the masses and getting big bucks in return. Mobile industry is one such potentially booming industry where you can get whopping discount with the available Amazon coupons for mobiles. With more sales result more profits and that’s how the companies earn profits while equally helping customers save a lot of their hard earned money.READTips for Selling Products from HomeA hassle free way to shop onlineThe business of online shopping has created so much of ease for shoppers where getting the best bargain, enormous discounts, hassle free times come without any cost. Yes, there are no additional or hidden charges. Additionally, in the event where you feel that you received a different product, then you are free to return as well. What more, when “Cash on Delivery” is another best of option given by the E-commerce stores. As a result, you are eventually able to save “BiG”. Yes and it is a no joke.Final thoughtsSo, own the latest mobiles, footwear, clothing etc of the most famous brands in style at comparably lot lesser price than others. While you don’t lose any chance of getting l ots of appreciation from one and all. Therefore, have a blast with the available offers and discounts on different range of products and feel blessed about making the right decision at the right time. As you purchase once, you would like to visit again and surely want to be a part of those smart people who have been saving with each and every single purchase.

Analysis Of The Book His Excellency George Washington ...

Everyone knows George Washington as the first president, but most people do not know his other roles in the creation of the United States of America. In Joseph J. Ellis’s book, His Excellency George Washington, Ellis tells about Washington’s life. He includes his time as a general in the Revolutionary War, his life in retirement after the war, and also his time as the president. Ellis’s main focus in the book is to paint a picture for the reader so it almost feels like they are right next to Washington as his life is explained. The information in his book allows for readers to have a better understanding of what Washington went through in his life and also ,at times, gives educated guesses on what Washington might have been thinking. Through this book, it is easy to see why George Washington is referred to as one of the greatest Americans to ever live. Washington had many tough decisions in his life that pulled him in every direction and called for him to think e very decision through. One of these decisions, and probably the one that was on his mind the most, was the idea of the emancipation of slavery. As it is stated on page 164, Washington told his manager, Lund Washington, that he wanted to abandon slave labor at Mount Vernon and replace it with hired workers. Eventually he began to lose profits so he debated selling his slaves. His heart would not allow for him to split up families, so he was forced to deal with the consequences of using hired laborers. AnotherShow MoreRelated George Washington: Flaws and All Essay example2098 Words   |  9 PagesJohn Adams and Ben Franklin. One other great founding father and our First President, George Washington was one whom we learned much about. We learn in school that he is as a prime example of leadership, citizenship, and overall individual achievement for his many contributions to our nation’s earliest struggles. But although we are taught that George Washington was this man of great disposition, no man is without his flaws. Many scholars have sought to enlighten individuals to these cracks in the Nation’sRead MoreThe Founding Brothers By Joseph J. Ellis1253 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book the Founding Brothers, Joseph J. Ellis, the author puts the key players of post – revolution America on BLAST! His slam book, closely mirrors the political turmoil of today. It is marred by a war of words between candidates, personal attacks, media bias, party politics and long standing feuds. Ellis’ factual account of the historical crisis explores challenges each of these ordinary men, our founding fathers faced as they come together to established order and declare their independence

Jose Rizal, National Hero of the Philippines

Josà ©Ã‚  Rizal (June 19,  1861–December 30,  1896) was a man of intellectual power and artistic talent whom Filipinos honor as their national hero. He excelled at anything that he put his mind to: medicine, poetry, sketching, architecture, sociology, and more. Despite little evidence, he was martyred by Spanish colonial authorities on charges of conspiracy, sedition, and rebellion when he was only 35. Fast Facts: Josà © Rizal Known For: National hero of the Philippines for his key role inspiring the Philippine Revolution against colonial SpainAlso Known As: Josà © Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso RealondaBorn: June 19, 1861, at Calamba, LagunaParents: Francisco Rizal Mercado and Teodora Alonzo y QuintosDied: December 30, 1896, in Manila, the PhilippinesEducation: Ateneo Municipal de Manila; studied medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in Manila; medicine and philosophy at the  Universidad Central de Madrid; ophthalmology at the University of Paris and the University of HeidelbergPublished Works: Noli Me Tangere, El FilibusterismoSpouse: Josephine Bracken (married two hours before his death)Notable Quote: On this battlefield man has no better weapon than his intelligence, no other force but his heart. Early Life Josà © Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda was born on June 19, 1861, at Calamba, Laguna, the seventh child of Francisco Rizal Mercado and Teodora Alonzo y Quintos. The family were wealthy farmers who rented land from the Dominican religious order. Descendants of a Chinese immigrant named Domingo Lam-co, they changed their name to Mercado (market) under the pressure of anti-Chinese feeling among the Spanish colonizers. From an early age, Rizal showed a precocious intellect. He learned the alphabet from his mother at the age of 3 and could read and write at age 5. Education Rizal attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, graduating at age 16 with the highest honors. He took a post-graduate course there in land surveying. Rizal completed his surveyors training in 1877 and passed the licensing exam in May 1878, but he could not receive a license to practice because he was only 17. He was granted a license in 1881 when he reached the age of majority. In 1878, the young man enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas as a medical student. He later quit the school, alleging discrimination against Filipino students by the Dominican professors. Madrid In May 1882, Rizal got on a ship to Spain without informing his parents. He enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid after arriving. In June 1884, he received his medical degree at the age of 23; the following year, he graduated from the Philosophy and Letters department. Inspired by his mothers advancing blindness, Rizal next went to the University of Paris and then to the University of Heidelberg for further study in ophthalmology. At Heidelberg, he studied under the famed professor Otto Becker (1828–1890). Rizal finished his second doctorate at Heidelberg in 1887. Life in Europe Rizal lived in Europe for 10 years and picked up a number of languages. He could converse in more than 10 different tongues. While in Europe, the young Filipino impressed everyone he met with his charm, intelligence, and mastery of a range of different fields of study. Rizal excelled at martial arts, fencing, sculpture, painting, teaching, anthropology, and journalism, among other areas. During his European sojourn, he also began to write novels. Rizal finished his first book, Noli Me Tangere (Latin for Touch Me Not), while living in Wilhelmsfeld, Germany, with the Rev. Karl Ullmer. Novels and Other Writing Rizal wrote Noli Me Tangere in Spanish; it was published in 1887 in Berlin, Germany. The novel is a scathing indictment of the Catholic Church and Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, and its publication cemented Rizals position on the Spanish colonial governments list of troublemakers. When Rizal returned home for a visit, he received a summons from the governor-general and had to defend himself against charges of disseminating subversive ideas. Although the Spanish governor accepted Rizals explanations, the Catholic Church was less willing to forgive. In 1891, Rizal published a sequel, titled El Filibusterismo. When published in English, it was titled The Reign of Greed. Program of Reforms In his novels and newspaper editorials, Rizal called for a number of reforms of the Spanish colonial system in the Philippines. He advocated freedom of speech and assembly, equal rights before the law for Filipinos, and Filipino priests in place of the often-corrupt Spanish churchmen. In addition, Rizal called for the Philippines to become a province of Spain, with representation in the Spanish legislature, the Cortes Generales. Rizal never called for independence for the Philippines. Nonetheless, the colonial government considered him a dangerous radical and declared him an enemy of the state. Exile and Courtship In 1892, Rizal returned to the Philippines. He was almost immediately accused of being involved in the brewing rebellion  and was exiled to Dapitan City, on the island of Mindanao. Rizal would stay there for four years, teaching school and encouraging agricultural reforms. During that period, the people of the Philippines grew more eager to revolt against the Spanish colonial presence. Inspired in part by Rizals progressive organization La Liga, rebel leaders such as Andres Bonifacio (1863–1897) began to press for military action against the Spanish regime. In Dapitan, Rizal met and fell in love with Josephine Bracken, who brought her stepfather to him for a cataract operation. The couple applied for a marriage license but were denied by the Church, which had excommunicated Rizal. Trial and Execution The Philippine Revolution broke out in 1896. Rizal denounced the violence  and received permission to travel to Cuba to tend to victims of yellow fever in exchange for his freedom. Bonifacio and two associates sneaked aboard the ship to Cuba before it left the Philippines and tried to convince Rizal to escape with them, but Rizal refused. He was arrested by the Spanish on the way, taken to Barcelona, and then extradited to Manila for trial. Rizal was tried by court-martial and charged with conspiracy, sedition, and rebellion. Despite a lack of evidence of his complicity in the Revolution, Rizal was convicted on all counts and given a death sentence. He was allowed to marry Bracken two hours before his execution by firing squad in Manila on December 30, 1896. Rizal was just 35 years old. Legacy Mariano Sayno / Getty Images Josà ©Ã‚  Rizal is remembered today throughout the Philippines for his brilliance, courage, peaceful resistance to tyranny, and compassion. Filipino schoolchildren study his final literary work, a poem called Mi Ultimo Adios (My Last Goodbye), and his two famous novels. Spurred by Rizals martyrdom, the Philippine Revolution continued until 1898. With assistance from the United States, the Philippine archipelago defeated the Spanish army. The Philippines declared independence from Spain on June 12, 1898, becoming the first democratic republic in Asia. Sources de Ocampo, Estaban A. Dr. Jose Rizal, Father of Filipino Nationalism. Journal of Southeast Asian History.Rizal, Josà ©. One Hundred Letters of Josà ©Ã‚  Rizal. Philippine National Historical Society.Valenzuela, Maria Theresa. Constructing National Heroes: Postcolonial Philippine and Cuban Biographies of Josà © Rizal and Josà © Martà ­. Biography.

Technology And Its Effect On Society - 2860 Words

Ever since the evolution of technology has evolved there have been numerous incidents from good to bad with murders, cyber bullying, threats, and interacting with new people. Laws have been passed for multiple reasons due to the inclement amounts of violent behaviors through technology as it has became more revolutionized. Many people have thoughts that technology is out of control with fatalities, and cyber bullying becoming such a problem for children, and even adults. Also in addition many other groups of people agree with technology because it has become easier, and easier to contact family, friends or even search the web with a smart phone in your hand. Technology has become a great way to contact with family or friends but has made a horrific impact on those who have not matured enough for the extremely destructible path that awaits them. Society is the start of a social realm which gives the appreciation for behaviors that defines and represents all people. Throughout today’s technology social media has been able to make a positive effect on people or even a negative effect. These situations have become extreme depending on what you are dealing with. Technology has created many different things in our society that has made a significant impact on people lives from cyber bullying, to gaining weight from becoming lazy due to the fact that modern day technology has become addicting. Nelson 2 â€Å"Older and Newer Media† written by Jane Brown translates to us that the newShow MoreRelatedTechnology : The Effects Of Technology And Society1283 Words   |  6 Pages The effects of technology with society has beneficial impacted the way we live. With technology is providing many advantages, but also it has some disadvantages it has on children and adults. There is little room for people that wish to live without technology, moreover than living the way they did in the old days. Technology has its advantages, it’s has changed the way people have communicated by email, social media, the way traveling has improved. Have you ever heard the saying ‘Children are bornRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society871 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is technology? Is it the tool that propels humanity forward or is technology the cuffs that hold the everyday man from leaving his own comfort. Or is technology more than a tool, more than a mechanical device? Ray Bradbury s Works are known 4 expanding technology and using speculative fiction to reveal the way technology is consuming the everyday person. but what if Ray Bradbury was never talking about technology and its effect on society with society s effect on technology? It is assumedRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society1386 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology is the collection of techniques, skills, methods and processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. Technology can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, etc. or it can be embedded in machines, computers , devices and factories, which can be operated by individuals without detailed knowledge of the workings of such things. Technology has produced many positive contributions to society and how it has grownRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society Essay1239 Words   |  5 Pagesworld is increasing very rapidly, and new innovations are coming along each and everyday. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry (Oxford). There is no denying that the impact of technology in the world today is huge, now technology has made it to the palm of our hands with the iPhone and continuing to expand. My generation has grown up on technology so I can’t imagine how my life would be with out it, older people may say it has ruined theRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pagesthe world is increasing very rapidly, and new innovations are coming along each and everyday. Technology is the application o f scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry. There is no denying that the impact of technology in the world today is huge, now technology has made it to the palm of our hands with the iPhone and continuing to expand. My generation has grown up on technology so I can’t imagine how my life would be with out it, older people may say it has ruined the livesRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society1473 Words   |  6 Pageswould surmise that technology has an overwhelmingly negative effect on society. Although there might be consequences that stem from technology, these negative effects only bring about more good than they bring about evil. This good transforms the world in ways people may never be able to comprehend. Technology will always be the epitome of human intelligence and it is this fact that should allow us to not only understand that technology is not dangerous to us but that technology should enable theRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect O n Society1176 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology is the sum of the ways in which social groups provide themselves with the material objects of their civilization. (â€Å"Technology†) In addition, technology has become a basic necessity for people all around the world. Not only does technology have positive effects on how people function in the world, but it also has many negative effects. On a similar topic, technology has improved the way we live tremendously, but people have become extremely dependent on it, almost to the point to whereRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society1396 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology on its own cannot be beneficial or detrimental to the cognitive ability and the human relationship. Its effect on society depends on how and when technology is used. Technology continues to interact with our human experience in some way or the other. It is profoundly reshaping how we live today and giving rise to new strand of lifestyle and custom. With the rise of technologies, we expect to gain from its advances in the field of communication, social interaction, research and developmentRead MoreTechnology And Its Effect On Society1694 Words   |  7 PagesTechnological advances have certainly entered this era to facilitate people’s lives. There is no doubt that some new technology has been created to help operate or effectively manage time in a way that would be beneficial to humans. Technology significantly helps a number of people. A group that greatly benefits with the advances of technology is teenagers. Teens constantly use computers for schoolwork, networking, or knowing anything they want to know with a simple use of their fingertips. FurthermoreRead MoreTechnology And Its Effects On Society1372 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology Abuse Technology has rapidly increased over the past few years and has had a great impact on everyone in several ways. The impact of this applied science on people’s lifestyles has made several too dependent on technology. There needs to be a specific limit to technology that is reasonable but considerable for everyone. This new addiction is truly significant because this modern world of ours can have dangerous consequences that we are not aware of. In the past, many of the machines and

Supply and Demand free essay sample

Supply and Demand: Vacation to a theme park The supply and demand of goods and services vary due to various factors. This paper will discuss the supply and demand of vacation to a theme park and the various factors which affect them. First, there are many reasons why people wish to go on a vacation to a theme park. The many reasons include the fun and entertainment which can be experienced at the theme parks and also the family bonds that can be formed at the theme parks. Price is definitely a factor for people when making a decision to have a vacation at a theme park. In line with the law of demand, when prices are high, people will be less able and willing to spend on a vacation to a theme park. On the other hand, when prices are low, people will be more able and willing to spend a vacation at a theme park. However, prices only affect the quantity demanded of the good. In terms of changes in demand of a vacation to a theme park, there are various factors which can influence it. One of the factors which affect demand will be expectations of the future. When people expect economic health to deteriorate in the future, they will be more cautious about their spending for they fear consequences such as an increase in unemployment or decrease in income. As such, marginal propensity to save will increase, and thus people will be less willing and able to spend on a vacation to a theme park and this result in a fall in demand. On the other hand, if people expect economic growth in the future, they will be more willing to spend on a vacation to a theme park because they expect positive consequences such as an increase in income in the future. In this case, demand for the vacation to a theme park will increase (â€Å"The Nature of Markets Factors Influencing Demand and Supply†). Another factor which affects demand will be timing or seasonal changes. This is because most of the customers of theme parks are families, as such families can only visit theme parks during the holidays or when the whole family is free. As such, during periods such as school term, demand for vacations to a theme park will drop for people are unable to visit the theme park due to their other commitments such as work and school. On the other hand, during holidays or school vacation, demand for vacation at the theme park will increase for people have the free time to visit the theme park (â€Å"The Nature of Markets Factors Influencing Demand and Supply†). Lastly, the availability of substitutes and price of substitutes also affect demand of the product. When prices of substitutes decrease, consumers will opt for the substitutes in place of the vacation at the theme park. As such, demand will fall. On the other hand, when prices of substitutes increase, demand for vacation at the theme park will increase for consumers will opt for the vacation at the theme park in place of the substitute. Two examples of substitutes for vacation at the theme park will include an overseas vacation or a vacation at a beach resort. In terms of supply, one of the factors involved will be cost of inputs. For example, when prices of metal are high, firms will be less able and willing to construct theme parks and this will reduce supply of theme parks. Another factor which can affect supply will be competition and prices of competitive goods. If organizations feel that they will be unable to compete with fellow competitors in terms of prices and types of services such as rides, they will be less willing to build the theme park for they recognize the high risks and possible economic losses to be incurred. As such, supply will decrease (â€Å"The Nature of Markets Factors Influencing Demand and Supply†). Vacation to a theme park can be complemented by various goods and services. One of which will be air tickets. For example, when prices of air tickets fall, demand for air tickets will increase. In addition, people will be more attracted to flying to the theme park to spend a vacation there. Similarly, another complement good is hotels. When hotel rates fall, people are more able and willing to live in a hotel and thus will be able to afford to stay in the hotels in or near the theme park. Given that a vacation to a theme park is more of a luxury good and not a necessity, people will not spend their money on it unless they have extra disposable income or high purchasing power for they would rather use the money on basic necessities first. As such, demand for a vacation at a theme park is highly price elastic. This means that when prices increase, demand for the product will decrease more than proportionately and the organization will experience a decline in profits. On the other hand, when prices decreases, demand for the product will increase more than proportionately and the organization will experience an increase in profits. As such, theme park organizations need to be very careful about their pricing strategies for they can result in drastic effects on total revenue and profits which the organization can earn. In conclusion, there are various factors which affect the supply and demand of acation to a theme park such as prices of substitutes, costs of inputs and time period. Like many products and services, a product like vacation to a theme park has many complements and substitutes. It is important that theme park companies understand these factors which affect supply and demand so that they can implement strategies which will maximize profits for the organization. References â€Å" The Nature of Markets Factors Influencing Demand and Supply†. Retrieved January 14, 2010 from: http://www. bized. co. uk/educators/level2/markets/activity/markets16. htm

How TV Affects Kids

Table of Contents Introduction Literature Review Discussion Limitations of Study Conclusion References Introduction Ever since the invention of the television, the world has become accustomed to it as a basic fixture of human life. Television has influenced many generations in the past and those yet to come. Its influence has been primarily defined by the fact that television programs are an indispensable form of entertainment for many people. In this regard, many children have grown up watching television programs that have a positive or negative impact on their cognitive development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How TV Affects Kids specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Because of this fact, many parents, children advocates and educationists are already raising concerns over the amount of time children spend watching television and the kind of materials they watch in the first place. In the developed world, c hildren have been known to spend more than five hours a day staring at television screens and even more time is feared to be lost watching television programs instead of engaging in more productive activities. The Kaiser Foundation cited in (Nemours Foundation, 2010) affirms that: â€Å"two-thirds of infants and toddlers watch a screen an average of 2 hours a day; kids under age 6 watch an average of about 2 hours of screen media a day (primarily TV and videos or DVDs). Kids and teens 8 to 18 years spend nearly 4 hours a day in front of a TV screen and almost 2 additional hours on the computer (outside of schoolwork) and playing video games†. (p. 1) With such statistics in mind, proponents and critics of television exposure have often clashed about the possible advantages and disadvantages of watching television. Currently, there are numerous volumes of literature on the subject and more are still being developed. However, this study seeks to comprehensively cover all the fu nctional areas of a child’s growth which are affected by television exposure. From this understanding, this study will encompass aspects such as lifestyle, appetite, health, the learning process and such like factors. These elements will primarily encompass the overall growth of children. From this perspective, this study will carry out a comprehensive analysis of the effects of television programming on children development and since television programming is an unavoidable element in the society, this study will seek to establish whether television programming generally compliments children growth or not. Literature Review Usually, most people are unaware that children are hooked onto television programs even before they enter schools. Since children are already hooked to television at an early age, many concerned individuals and institutions have tried to strike a balance to try and minimize the negative effects of television (Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 3). According to the American Department of Pediatrics (cited in Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 4), children under 2 years should not be allowed to watch television at all. However, children above the age of two should only be required to watch only one hour of constructive television programs (Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 1).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This recommendation is upheld by many researchers because the first two years of a human being’s life is usually important in a child’s growth and television can come in the way of a child’s ability to explore, play and interact with children, parents or objects in the natural environment (Lee, 2010, p. 2). Researchers note that if children are allowed to watch TV at an early age, they may develop some form of impairment in their social, psychological or physical development (Amin, 2000, p. 200). For children above the age of t wo, researchers have pointed out that television normally affects their ability to develop health wise, socially and through similar parameters. Many have however recommended that television ought to be watched in moderation to avert any detrimental effects brought about by prolonged exposures to television. Nemours Foundation (2010) affirms that: â€Å"Preschoolers can get help learning the alphabet on public television, grade schoolers can learn about wildlife on nature shows, and parents can keep up with current events on the evening news. No doubt about it — TV can be an excellent educator and entertainers†. (p. 4). This therefore implies that television has its pros and cons. Discussion Even though television has its positive side, research studies are skewed to depict that it has more negative than positive effects. It is no doubt therefore that children who watch too much television develop health problems like being overweight or ultimately develop complication s such as high blood pressure, heart complications and the likes. Such conditions are known to lead to increased chances of children being obese because as they are watching television, they are essentially inactive and most often than not, a good number eat snacks while staring at the screens. Health experts have warned that this kind of trend is likely to cause significant health problems for children in future (Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 2). Some television programs make the situation much worse because they promote the consumption of junk foods such as Sodas and the likes through the casual depiction of actors consuming such produce. To affirm the negative effects of television, research studies have shown that decreased exposure to television leads to decreased instances of weight gain and an emergence of a population group with a lower Body Mass Index (BMI) (Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How TV Affects Kids specifical ly for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is also confirmed that children who watch too much television (especially violent programs) are likely to be more aggressive and develop psychological problems in future. Violence for example is often exposed as a fun way of getting what one wants and therefore when faced with tricky life situations, children are bound to be insensitive to the vice; thereby perpetrating the wrong perceptions often exhibited by the media (Nevid, 2008, p. 361). It is even more unfortunate that children often develop a liking for certain characters in television programs and are therefore likely to think that whatever their star characters do is the appropriate way of handling conflicts. Nemours Foundation (2010) affirms that: â€Å"Even though kids are taught by their parents that it’s not right to hit, television says it’s OK to bite, hit, or kick if you’re the good guy. This can lead to confusion when ki ds try to understand the difference between right and wrong. And even the â€Å"bad guys† on TV aren’t always held responsible or punished for their actions†. (p. 4) For very young children, violent images are often scary but television shoves it up their faces but either way, it doesn’t do much justice to them because at tender ages, children cannot distinguish what is fiction and what is real. Certain behavioral problems associated with children such as lack of sleep can sometimes be associated with frequent exposure to violence in television. In such cases, children are often seen to have nightmares, panic attacks (and the likes) because of the images they see in the media. The effects of violent images from television are however not any milder for older children because older children have also been observed to be frightened by violence in certain television programs; regardless of whether it happens in real life (like on the news) or in fiction (like in horror movies). For instance, most good guys in most drama series are never free from violent acts and this may pass as an appropriate thing to do for children. For example, it is affirmed that children who watch violent movies are likely to either view the world as a dangerous place or be aggressive on the same grounds (Nevid, 2008, p. 361). This fact therefore affects the psychological development of children and their ability to properly blend in with the society. Television characters can also been faulted to exhibit poor social behaviors which affect the perception of children as they grow up. Such perceptions are affected especially with regards to risky social behaviors like smoking, drinking, risky sexual habits and the likes. To some extent, television programs are identified to perpetrate wrong gender and racial perceptions in the way television programs are produced (Kavoori, 2006, p. 32).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact television programs today tend to exaggerate certain gender and racial stereotypes and children who grow up seeing such misconceived ideas tend to assume they are the true representation of the real world. For Instance, Amin (2000) notes that Arabs are often depicted as terrorists and most white children hold this belief as true. Children who watch a lot of television often tend to depict adverse social behaviors because television tends to promote bad behaviors like alcohol abuse as cool and fun. Such perceptions are further reinforced because television fails to show everyone the consequences of such habits. In fact, most movies never miss a smoker, raunchy sexual scene or an alcoholic. Such issues majorly affect teens. In sexual scenes for example, actors are never shown protecting themselves from the consequences of sex such as sexually transmitted diseases and infections or pregnancy and many may think such acts are natural. This kind of misconceived perceptions makes v iewers adopt a much-relaxed attitude towards sex or any other vice that is being promoted. The effects of such attitudes are affirmed by Nemours Foundation (2010, p. 2) who notes that â€Å"studies have shown that teens who watch lots of sexual content on TV are more likely to initiate intercourse or participate in other sexual activities earlier than peers who don’t watch sexually explicit shows†. Alcohol abuse has also increased over recent years in various television programs and its effects have been more widespread than ever before because of increased exposure of children to such programs. Recent studies done by alcohol agencies have shown that the exposure of children to alcohol commercials have increased by more than thirty percent in the first five years preceding the year 2006 (Nemours Foundation, 2010, p. 1). Some proponents of television viewing have however proposed the banning of such retrogressive adverts (such as the banning of cigarette adverts) but th eir effects can still not be eliminated because the use of alcohol and cigarettes is still being promoted in movies. Television commercials have also become a common feature in prime time television and they affect the way most children perceive certain products and services. For instance, most television programs promote the consumption of wrong foods (in form of junk) and children are unable to differentiate the health benefits from the disadvantages of such foods. It is therefore not uncommon for children to often demand certain products just because they saw a catchy advertisement in mainstream television. Comprehensively, these negative effects of television affect children development in many ways than one. Children being at a strategic age of developing their social skills, they ought to be doing more constructive things than just watch television. This will improve their level of emotional development and help them integrate better with other people in the real world. Childr en therefore need to play more with other children of their age and learn more social skills because there is no substitution to such development stages. Certain common problems associated with today’s children like myopic complications will therefore be avoided if such measures are observed. This is true because it is almost impossible to isolate television watching from such like complications if children are wasting up to five hours a day watching television. Other small complications like inappropriate use of language will also be avoided with reduced exposure to television (at least when children are at a young age). This is especially important for young children because they have a very limited capability of differentiating what language is good or bad. The situation becomes much worse when inappropriate use of language affects a child’s academic development because children tend to assume what they hear through television as the correct way to speak. For instan ce Lee (2010) explains that â€Å"There was one point of time, the local sitcom Phua Chu Kang got so popular that children started using phrases like â€Å"Don’t pray pray†, and â€Å"I look you no up†. It got into such frenzy that we had a Speak Good English Campaign, remember?† (p. 4). This exposes the level of bad television influence on children. Limitations of Study This study was limited to the extent that it could not be easily generalized to all groups of children. Specifically, it was limited to the fact that children hail from different societies and therefore not all of them face the same type of television effects. External validity of the research findings was also another limitation to the study, considering existing volumes of research are hard to verify and may sometimes reflect personal opinions. Finally, the research’s findings were limited to specific social classes because it is an almost undeniable fact that various respondents from different social classes behave differently in terms of lifestyle habits. Conclusion The appropriateness of television is a matter of weighing the pros and cons associated with it. There is no doubt that television has its advantages but it is important to note that the disadvantages of watching television (for young children) outweigh its advantages. One of the best way of rectifying retrogressive attributes associated with television is limiting the hours spent watching it and restricting the wrongful watch of adult movies and programs. The kind of limitation to be applied however depends on the type of parents, their children’s’ age and such like variables. Conventionally, children have often been limited to around 30 minutes or an hour a day of television programming but each parent today has the ability of determining the correct number of hours their children can watch television. Family sitcoms and other educational programs should however be allowed for c hildren to watch because in addition to offering entertainment, such programs are educative. Parents should also watch television with their children so that they ensure their children are not exposed to inappropriate programming. Other measures such as banning eating while watching television should also be applied by some parents as part of their efforts to control the adverse effects of television. These are the best measures to prevent children from being exposed to the adverse effects of television. References Amin, H. (2000). Civic Discourse and Digital Age Communications in the Middle East. London: Greenwood Publishing Group. Kavoori, A. (2006). Media, Terrorism, and Theory: A Reader. London: Rowman Littlefield. Lee, J. (2010). How TV Affects Children. Retrieved from: https://ezinearticles.com/?How-TV-Affects-Childrenid=1703063 Nemours Foundation. (2010). How TV Affects Your Child. Retrieved from: https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/tv-affects-child.html Nevid, J. (2008). Psyc hology: Concepts and Applications. London: Cengage Learning. This essay on How TV Affects Kids was written and submitted by user Cale Higgins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Spelling Review Exercises for Commonly Misspelled Words

Spelling Review Exercises for Commonly Misspelled Words Study  spelling rules and commonly misspelled words, then test your spelling skills by completing the following short exercises. In some cases, you will need to add a letter or two to complete the correct spelling of each word in parentheses. In other cases, the word in parentheses is correct as it stands. When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Group A: To E or Not to E? Some of the words in parentheses require the addition of the letter e; others are correct as they stand. Gus is (tru-ly) sorry for keeping you awake last night.We were criticized (sever-ly) by the sewing circle.The shed was (complet-ly) demolished.Merdine was (sincer-ly) grateful for the reprieve.The Simpsons are (argu-ing) again.They (argu-d) last night for hours.When is Mr. Wolfe (com-ing) home.Maya is (writ-ing) her autobiography.Mr. White is (judg-ing) the essay contest.Be (car-ful) when you light the furnace. Group B: IE or EI? Some of the words require the addition of ie; others require ei. Paint the (cling) before you paint the walls.Gus has been (recving) threatening e-mails.A (wrd) noise came out of the attic.I paid almost five dollars for that (pce) of pie.I dont (belve) in coincidence.The guests brought (thr) children to the wedding.(Nther) of us can help you today.The (nghbors) complained about our parents.Linda (wghs) less than her collie.We waited for the (frght) train to pass. Group C: I or Y? Some of the words require the addition of i; others require y. Have you (tr-ed) the dessert yet?The baby (cr-ed) throughout the church service.We compared two (theor-es) of evolution.Peggy felt (betra-ed) by her manager.You should be (stud-ing) for Fridays exam.(Lonel-ness) was never a problem for Henry.She (fl-es) on broken wings.I have always (rel-ed) on my friends.Please give Mr. Flannery my (apolog-es).It was a (pit-ful) sight. Group D: A, E, or I? Complete each word with the letter a, e, or i. I borrowed these flowers from the (cemet-ry).My parakeet eats huge (quant-ties) of bird seed.The tax cuts will (ben-fit) the wealthy.It was a (priv-lege) to meet you.He has a remarkably (unpleas-nt) disposition.We placed the puppies in (sep-rate) rooms.Henry is an (independ-nt) thinker.I found an (excell-nt) excuse to resign from the committee.She chose items from different (cat-gories).Professor Legree made another (irrelev-nt) remark. Group E: Single or Double? Some of these words require the doubling of a consonant; others are correct as they stand. The sun was (shin-ing) down like honey.The experiment was (control-ed) by a madman.The region is slowly (begin-ing) to recover.Doug (pour-ed) sugar over Yoddys oatmeal.She keeps (forget-ing) to call me.Gus (admit-ed) his mistake.They were (sweat-ing) in the classroom.That idea never (occur-ed) to me.The bunny went (hop-ing) down to the abattoir.His doctor (refer-ed) him to a dimple specialist. Group F: Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. Marriage comes without a (g-arantee).Caley (su-prised) me.You are (prob-ly) going to be late.Does she (reali-e) that her socks dont match?(D-scribe) the man who hit you.We waited (until-) the mortician arrived.Merdine (recom-ended) a psychiatrist.Take two (asp-rin) and go to bed.She supports a strong (ath-letic) program.The (tem-rature) reached 109 degrees in Yuma. Group G: More Letters Needed? Some of these words require the addition of one or more letters; others are correct as they stand. She (a-quired) a good tan and a new boyfriend.Gus is (basic-ly) lazy.We must work together to improve the (envir-ment).I wish Hansel would just (dis-pear).Mr. Summers should attend to his (bus-ness).Alice Walker wrote an essay (sim-lar) to yours.The Red Sox have (fin-ly) won a ball game.I was (dis-appointed) by the cranberries in dill sauce.Doc Brown was working in his (lab-ratory).Baron Leibniz works for the (gover-ment). When youre done, compare your responses with the answers below. Answers Here are the answers to the Spelling Review Exercises, Groups A through G. ANSWERS- GROUP A1. truly; 2. severely; 3. completely; 4. sincerely; 5. arguing; 6. argued; 7. coming; 8. writing; 9. judging; 10. careful. ANSWERS- GROUP B1. ceiling; 2. receiving; 3. weird; 4. piece; 5. believe; 6. their; 7. Neither; 8. neighbors; 9. weighs; 10. freight ANSWERS- GROUP C1. tried; 2. cried; 3. theories; 4. betrayed; 5. studying; 6. Loneliness; 7. flies; 8.  relied; 9. apologies; 10. pitiful ANSWERS- GROUP D1. cemetery; 2. quantities; 3. benefit; 4. privilege; 5. unpleasant; 6. separate; 7. independent; 8. excellent; 9. categories; 10. irrelevant ANSWERS- GROUP E1. shining; 2. controlled; 3. beginning; 4. poured; 5. forgetting; 6. admitted; 7. sweating; 8. occurred; 9. hopping; 10. referred ANSWERS- GROUP F1. guarantee; 2. surprised; 3. probably; 4. realize; 5. Describe; 6. until; 7. recommended; 8. aspirin; 9. athletic; 10. temperature ANSWERS- GROUP G1. acquired; 2. basically; 3. environment; 4. disappear; 5. business; 6. similar; 7. finally; 8. disappointed; 9. laboratory; 10. government

Corporate reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Corporate reporting - Essay Example It is also about the organization and the recognition of what the economy is now, and what the economy ought to be in the near future. Corporate governance explains the types of processes and the ways in which companies and businesses are controlled and directed. They also indicate the level in which the managerial status of company is and include the information containing the board and its composition, the development that it brings and the level of accountability that it holds. Lastly, it focuses on the type of relationship that the management has with its shareholder, seeing that they are actually the owners of the company. Narrative reporting talks about the non-financial kind of work and it relates to financial information. Such information is presented alongside financial information and this enables for there to be an expanded understanding of a company’s main information (Robins, 34, 2010).   Response to the questions posed by the Finance Minister; 1. In Breakavia, the best placed to help in support of the initial development of the regulation for corporate reporting are the upcoming companies and industries, such as those in the industrial sector and also those in the tourism industry. Corporate reporting brings about the much needed transparency that will bring development in the country. There are certain international practices that can be used as examples in this country. Some include those of the companies that are based in the U.K and the U.S. From these countries, there have been major developments and due to their corporate reporting techniques have been named the best suited companies to rise in ranks. Significant information relating to companies include the market position that it holds, the supplies and the suppliers that it deals with, the general private and public performance both in and out of office and also the company’s future prospects. The next type of reporting, corporate responsibility shows basic information tha t pertains to the way that companies behold its image with its clients, their dealers, the society and the area or environment around them. Such information helps them attract and retain more clients and shareholders while still managing to increase the level of trust that the shareholders have put in the company (Stittle, 56, 2003).   Financial information about companies like in the United States brings transparency and enables a company to be able to maintain its major and final outlook. Financial regulation by the government is a form of regulation that allows financial companies and institutions to be subject to checks and guidelines. They also subject to certain restrictions, which are aimed at bringing about foreclosure of financial system and thus, bring about the rise of integrity of a financial institution. The financial regulation procedures can either be handled by the government of the state, capital markets and also other third parties. As for the regulation by the g overnment, there are laws that govern such activity; for example is, The Companies Act containing company law. There are also other legislations and edicts that are involved in the financial regulation of a business by the state. Regulation by capital markets is whereby there is the establishment of stock exchange to stipulate measurement and also

Interracial Friendships Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interracial Friendships - Coursework Example Several, if not most of the dilemmas and challenges confronted by partners in an intercultural romantic relationship are indefinable, such as communication dilemmas with each other and with both parties’ loved ones, the approval or blessings of their immediate families, gender stereotypes, individual aspirations and values, rearing children, and the notion of the nuclear family vis-à  -vis the extended family. Hence, the concern is where to initiate in deciphering the intricacies of intercultural romantic relationships and build up harmony within two very different cultures. The response to this concern is difficult to figure out and will most definitely differ from one intercultural relationship to the next; nevertheless, the fundamental notions are both plain and simple, namely, education, wisdom, communication, respect, and tolerance. Computer-mediated communication can facilitate intercultural relationships mainly through the Internet which provides another perspective and means for people to communicate and meet with unfamiliar people for the first time, set off meaningful and pleasurable discussions or conversations, and construct secure, long-term intercultural relationships, comparable to face-to-face interactions. Through regular and far-reaching verbal communication of social information, couples interacting on the Internet could vigorously commit in self-disclosure and strengthen intimacy and ties. However, CMC could also hinder a good intercultural relationship because of the inherent ambiguities that come from communication technologies such as the Internet. There are things, such as emotional and facial expression, that are important in building a strong intercultural relationship that only a face-to-face interaction can facilitate. Popular culture is the assemblage of concepts, ideas, notions that are popular, trendy or widespread and create the dominant culture. These ideas are profoundly manipulated by mass media.  

To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mockingbird Chapter Essay At lunch, Scout rubs Walter’s nose in the dirt for getting her in trouble, but Jem intervenes and invites Walter to lunch (in the novel, as in certain regions of the country, the midday meal is called â€Å"dinner†). At the Finch house, Walter and Atticus discuss farm conditions â€Å"like two men,† and Walter puts molasses all over his meat and vegetables, to Scout’s horror. When she criticizes Walter, however, Calpurnia calls her into the kitchen to scold her and slaps her as she returns to the dining room, telling her to be a better hostess. Back at school, Miss Caroline becomes terrified when a tiny bug, or â€Å"cootie,† crawls out of a boy’s hair. The boy is Burris Ewell, a member of the Ewell clan, which is even poorer and less respectable than the Cunningham clan. In fact, Burris only comes to school the first day of every school year, making a token appearance to avoid trouble with the law. He leaves the classroom, making enough vicious remarks to cause the teacher to cry. At home, Atticus follows Scout outside to ask her if something is wrong, to which she responds that she is not feeling well. She tells him that she does not think she will go to school anymore and suggests that he could teach her himself. Atticus replies that the law demands that she go to school, but he promises to keep reading to her, as long as she does not tell her teacher about it.

Catharine Sedgwick’s Hope Leslie, Stephen Gould’s Dinosaur in a Haystac

Catharine Sedgwick’s Hope Leslie, Stephen Gould’s Dinosaur in a Haystack, and Sebastian Junger’s The Perfect Storm all display similar characteristics, so that though they are seemingly unrelated, they can be compared. Mainly the comparisons exist through the imagery the authors use to weave the stories together, the structure of each book, the authority of each author, and the use of nature. A character or objects are the images that the three authors use to tie the plots of the books together. Gould’s essays seem to be completely unrelated, but in reality, they are tied together under the general theme of evolution and the metaphor of dinosaur in a haystack that is linked into each essay. The persistent use of the storm in The Perfect Storm, and its development in the chapters serves to show that the storm is the object that ties the story together. Much like the dinosaur in Dinosaur in a Haystack, it becomes a sort of central character that evolves through the developing plot. It appears that Sedgwick does not utilize one metaphor to bring her novel together, but in fact, the recurrent images and pictures are used instead. There is no dominant common theme like the dinosaur or quilt, but the story of Hope and Magawisca bring the characters together. Sedgwick’s sympathy lies in Hope’s views and story, but some can be inferred from Magawisca. Magawis ca is linked to Everell, and links Hope and Faith together. Their stories help to create the plot and bring in the links to the scattered plot. Hope Leslie " . . . and her Indian counterpart, Magawisca" (x) comprise the opinions of the author and relate the plot through prejudiced perspectives. In fact, "The text is dominated by two decidedly unconventional women: Hope Leslie, fos... ...thors are the images that hold the books together, the structure of the books, the authority of each author that is already presumed and then gained, and the use of nature. Sedgwick uses Hope and Magawisca, Junger uses the storm, and Gould uses the dinosaur to tie the plot of the books together, and to hold the story as a whole together. All three of the books are structured into chapters that divide the information into easier to understand material. Hope Leslie and Dinosaur in a Haystack contain parts that further separate the plot. The authors, Sedgwick, Gould, and Junger assume a certain amount of authority before the books are read, yet they gain even more credibility as the book is read. Each book also contains a the use of a certain aspect of nature. Therefore, the authors and their works, though seemingly very different, are similar enough to be compared.

Silk Road

The Silk Road was a trade network the connected the East to the West on the Eurasian continent. This trade included both overland and maritime routes. The central Asian kingdoms and peoples became the nexus point for much of this trade which lasted from the 3rd century B. C. E. to the 15th century C. E. Many products and other cultural expressions moved along the Silk Road and diffused among various kingdoms along it. In breaking down and separating the patterns of interaction that occurred along the Silk Road from 200 B. C. E. to 1450 C. E. one can conclude that changes and continuities in these interactions included products traded (changes in specific products and impact, continuity in luxury goods), cultural expressions and diffusion (changes in artistic expressions and societal impacts, continuity in diffusion), and religion (changes in the religions that traveled and impact, continuity in spread of religion along the trade route ). One of the patterns of interaction along the S ilk Road was in the products that were traded. The Silk Road trade system was created by interactions between Han China in the 2nd century B. C. E. nd their western neighbors when an expedition for alliances to deal with a pesky neighbor turned into something else. The first product traded for on the Silk Road were Ferghana horses that the Chinese leader of the expedition Zhang Qian brought back with him which stimulated a trade between the Han and Central Asia for these fine war horses . In return, Central Asian kingdoms began to see various Chinese goods such as silk but also jades, medicinal herb, bronze and other luxury goods. This trade continued throughout the first four centuries of the timeframe with more groups getting involved in the lucrative trade. Indian spices and cotton, European gold and silver, and Central Asian horses and camels all started being acquired by each other . With the fall of both the Han and Roman empires by the 476 CE, the trade declined due to less demand and merchant’s fear of trading on less protected routes . The rise of the Tang Empire in the 7th century C. E. , along with a stabilized Byzantine empire in the West, led to a renewed vigor as well as the Abbasid caliphate in the Middle East led to stabilized trade routes again . From the East, paper and porcelain begin to appear. The stirrup appears out of the Middle East and influences both Europe and China. In Europe it creates the medieval feudal knights because they can now stay seated and weld a long lance without fear of being unseated. A similar emphasis is put on heavy cavalry in China for the same reasons as Europe . Europe continues to export gold and silver from the West because it was what was valued heavily by eastern merchants as a medium of exchange (pretty much accepted everywhere ). By the 10th century C. E. China was in decline again under the Song dynasty and lost control over much of the central and northwestern parts of the trade route. They began to emphasize more the of the southern maritime routes and thus because of this invent the maritime compass that will make its way across to the West and later lead to an age of discovery with Portugal at the end of this timeframe circa 1450 C. E. beginning to search out another maritime route d irectly to Asia by exploring the African coast using Chinese inspired compasses and Islamic maps of the Indian Ocean . With arrival of the Mongol conquests in the 1200s C. E. , once again the Silk Road has a sponsor to protect the merchants and trade thrives between East Asia, the Islamic Middle East and Europe . Silk, porcelain, and paper continue to come from the East along with gunpowder. Gunpowder now shows up on the Silk Road because of the Mongols taking it from China and using it in a more direct fashion in its conquests . Cannon now appear at the end of the timeframe being used by the Ottoman’s in their conquest of Constantinople in 1453 and by the Portuguese on their caravel ships . Central and South Asian products still include spices and animals but now cotton also begins to appear within the trade out of India . Because the Mongols controlled so much territory from China to Russia and the Middle East (they conquered Baghdad and overthrew the Abbasid caliphate), the Silk Road prospered like no other time and products flowed freely from East to West . A continuity throughout the timeframe was the fact that luxury goods usually drove the trade. Because products had to travel such great distances and thus there were so many middle men, only the very wealthy could partake of the trade . That is why gold and silver were preferred exchange mediums for the trade of silk and other fine eastern products . Another pattern of interaction was cultural expression and diffusion . In the early part of the timeframe (200 B. C. E. -1450 CE), there was very little cultural influence occurring . This is because intermediaries carried on the trade between the Han and Roman empires and the two imperial powers really had no contact directly with each other . During the Tang dynasty in the middle of the timeframe, this actually changes. Persian dance and the game of polo are introduced in China as well as musical and clothing styles which become popular . Chinese paper influenced the Islamic and European medieval periods with written works now becoming more the norm in saving and transmitting cultural knowledge such as written bibles, histories, math and other intellectual discoveries . At the end of the timeframe during the 13th through 15th centuries the Mongols were instrumental in the dissemination of knowledge throughout the Middle East territory they controlled. Islamic scholars in all fields have their works spread from Europe to China . In Europe, a Renaissance emerges due to reconnection to Silk Road trade because of the Crusades which began in the 10th century and continued into the 13th century. Crusaders reconnected with Eastern luxury goods such as spices and cloth but were also culturally influenced when they saw large vibrant, urban cities . It changed their outlook on life in general. Some ancient works such as the Greeks were re-introduced due to reconnection with the Byzantine Empire and the Abbasid caliphate . Also eastern works were transmitted along the Silk Road thus inspiring Muslim and European scholars. The works of Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo become hits in Europe and the Muslim world because they opened the eyes of the people to the broader world that existed. Marco Polo actually traveled under protection of the Mongol Khan while Battuta traveled in the Muslim realm due to his being more comfortable in Arabic speaking kingdoms that practiced his form of religion . The station of merchants also changed by the end of the period in China because of the Mongols. During the Han period and other dynasties, Confucian principles kept merchants at the bottom the social hierarchy. Because the Mongols valued the profits they could generate, merchants under the Yuan period held much higher stations in life . A continuity in this period was the constant cultural diffusion that took place as intermediaries engaged one another and kingdoms became acquainted with each other. Lifestyles changed and peoples were introduced to new knowledge throughout the period. Religion, art, and knowledge were continually diffused throughout the history of the Silk Road . The last pattern of interactions that was evident on the Silk Road was that of religion . Trade was a great disseminator of culture along the routes of trade and religion was one of those cultural traits that spread throughout the period. Three major religions spread along the Silk Road- Christianity, Buddhism and Islam . Buddhism appeared early on the Silk Road in roughly the first century B. C. E. It was forced out of India due to its rejection by the Hindu majority but found homes in places like Tibet, China, Japan, and Southeast Asia . Many steppe peoples adopted it because it fit into their animistic religions of a universal spirit. Lower class people and women adopted it due to its equalitarian nature and its promise of an afterlife . It spread throughout the timeframe appearing in China and Japan during the Tang dynasty and being reinforced in places like Tibet and Mongolia when the Mongols adopted it . Christianity also spread along the trade routes in Western Asia but was blocked from spreading any farther eastward than the Byzantine Empire due to the rise of Islam in the middle of the period during the 7th and 8th centuries . Because of the adoption of Islam by the Il-Khan khanate, Islam would make its way into southern China by the end of the period in the 14th and 15th centuries . Christianity and Buddhism were spread by missionaries while Islam was primarily spread by merchants and by the sword. Buddhism as stated earlier continually spread throughout the period and found refuge primarily in Central, East, and Southeast Asia . It did not spread westward due to Islam and Christianity having hold on western Asia and Europe . In conclusion, there were several patterns of interaction on the Silk Road due to the many different cultures that interacted on it. It influenced cultural expressions, spread of religion, and as well as products and ideas that changed many cultures such as the stirrup and gunpowder to name a couple. These interactions were not all positive however in that one of the byproducts of this trade led to the spread of bubonic plague from China to Europe. The Black Death as it was called in Europe is one of the reasons that Silk Road trade diminished as well as the isolationist policies of the Ming emperors who abhorred all things â€Å"foreign† and the collapse of the Mongol empire due to internal fragmentation. Trade systems such as the trans-Saharan trade and the Indian Ocean maritime system had many of the same cultural impacts as the Silk Road and in total created early global networks of trade .

How to Take a Test

Got a big test coming up? While studying is important, it helps to get your head in the game in order to ace an exam. Here are tips to help you make the most of test day. Before You Take the Test Get Some RestA good nights sleep is ideal. If you cant manage that, try for at least a few hours. Eat BreakfastEven if your test is later in the day, breakfast can help with your test outcome. A light, high-protein meal is recommended. Arrive EarlyGet to the test center early enough to get comfortable and relaxed. Prepare Your MaterialsMake sure you have pencils, a watch, a calculator (with good batteries), test forms, and any other required supplies. RelaxTake a few deep breaths. Have a Positive AttitudeDont psych yourself into failure. When You Get the Test Download What You KnowFor science tests, such as chemistry and physics, you may have memorized constants and equations. Write these down. Write down anything you remember that you feel you may forget during the test. Preview the TestScan the test and identify the high-point questions. Also look for easy questions. Mark questions about which you are unsure to skip over until later. Read the InstructionsDont assume you know how to answer a question until you read the directions. Tips for Taking the Test Get StartedStart with a high-point question you can answer. Budget Your TimeWork through the test from highest to lowest point value, answering questions about which you feel confident. In some cases, you may want to write an answer that covers the important points, then go back later to expand on your answer and provide examples. Answer All Questions...unless you are penalized for quessing. If you are penalized for wrong answers, eliminate answers you know are incorrect, then make a guess (if you have eliminated enough answers to risk the guess). Be Sure You Answered All QuestionsDouble-check for completeness. Check Your WorkIf you have the time, this is very important. Science tests are notorious for problems in which answers depend on earlier sections. Dont Second-Guess YourselfDont change your answer unless you are sure of the new answer. 10 Best Tips for Passing a Chemistry Test